1-Octacosanol

A very long-chain fatty alcohol with diverse biological activities; active against the bacteria K. pneumoniae, S. flexneri, S. typhi, and E. faecalis (MICs = 4, 8, 2, and 32 µg/ml, respectively), as well as the pathogenic fungi T. ajelloi and T. rubrum (MICs = 4 and 32 µg/ml, respectively); reduces LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells at 30 and 100 µg/ml; increases body weight, decreases diarrhea and hematochezia, and improves histopathological and morphological changes in the colon in a mouse model of DSS-induced ulcerative ecolitis at 100 mg/kg per day; reduces carbon tetrachloride-induced increases in serum transaminase, hepatic myeloperoxidase, and hepatic xanthine oxidase activity, as well as lipid peroxidation, in a rat model of acute liver injury progression at 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg; reverses decreases in hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, as well as GSH levels in a rat model of acute liver injury progression at 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg