Semaglutide (acetate)

A GLP-1R agonist (EC50 = 6.2 pM in a reporter assay using BHK cells expressing the human receptor); decreases blood glucose levels in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes (ED50 = <2 nmol/kg); prevents decreases in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and increases in lipid peroxidation in the substantia nigra and striatum, as well as improves motor coordination in the rotarod and footprint tests in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease induced by MPTP at 25 nmol/kg; decreases neuronal loss in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and CA1 and CA3 regions and improves motor coordination and grip strength in the beam-walking and hanging wire tests, respectively, in a rat model of stroke induced by permanent MCAO at 10 nmol/kg every other day