Anti-IL-5Rα (Benralizumab), Humanized Antibody

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The research-grade biosimilar is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to isoleucine 61 amino acid residue in the domain 1 of IL-5Rα. Binding of the antibody prevents the interaction of IL-5 with the receptor and heterodimerization of α and βc subunits, thus inhibiting IL-5 mediated signaling. Additionally, the antibody binds via its Fc constant region to the FcγIIIRa receptor located on the surface of NK cells and thus induces eosinophil apoptosis via the release of proapoptotic proteins such as granzyme B and perforins. The original drug received FDA approval in 2017 to treat severe eosinophilic asthma. The US FDA also granted orphan drug designation to this drug in 2019 for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis