Anti-IGF-1R (Teprotumumab), Human IgG1 Antibody

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The research-grade biosimilar is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds to the α-subunit domain of IGF-1R. IGF-1R is overexpressed in orbital fibroblasts of patients suffering from thyroid eye disease. Thyroid eye disease is a manifestation of Grave’s disease that is associated with inflammation of orbital muscles and fatty tissues. Although the mechanism of action of the original drug has not yet been fully characterized, binding of the drug to IGF-1R has been reported to internalize and degrade the receptors, and thus inhibit tissue inflammation and remodeling associated with Thyroid eye disease. In 2020, the US FDA approved the application of the drug to treat Graves-associated ophthalmopathy